A warming climate may be to blame for increased vegetation loss in desert ecosystems such as Anza-Borrego Desert State Park. (Stijn Hantson)
A warming climate may be to blame for increased vegetation loss in desert ecosystems such as Anza-Borrego Desert State Park. (Stijn Hantson) Vegetation cover in California's Sonoran Desert has diminished over the past three decades as a result of droughts and warming temperatures, highlighting dryland ecosystems' vulnerability to climate change.

Scientists can sniff out subterranean fungi based on how a tree's leaves reflect light. (Unsplash/Alex Zarubi)
Scientists can sniff out subterranean fungi based on how a tree's leaves reflect light. (Unsplash/Alex Zarubi) A plant's leaves reflect light according to the type of fungal symbiont associated with its roots, according to a new study that suggests aerial imaging of treetops could give insight into distributions of mycorrhizal fungi, which play key roles in global carbon and nutrient cycling.

There is now an AI model that can predict disease progression in people with multiple sclerosis. A more accurate prediction of the progression of MS can allow doctors to better prescribe a fitting treatment plan. (Shutterstock)
There is now an AI model that can predict disease progression in people with multiple sclerosis. A more accurate prediction of the progression of MS can allow doctors to better prescribe a fitting treatment plan. (Shutterstock) Researchers have developed a novel approach based on machine learning to project the likely progression of disability from multiple sclerosis, relying on the most complete patient history of any prior strategy, by utilizing information from more than 6,600 MS patients across five continents. The team can generate more precise predictions within milliseconds, potentially enabling better therapeutics for a serious and incurable disease.

Harbor porpoises have been found with microplastics in their intestines. (© ITAW/Fjord & Baelt Center)
Harbor porpoises have been found with microplastics in their intestines. (© ITAW/Fjord & Baelt Center) An investigation of microplastics in marine mammals from German waters has revealed that the tiny particles were present in nearly all the deceased harbor porpoises examined by scientists, although more research is needed to determine what this means for the animals’ health.

Researchers can improve car safety by using human fat tissue rather than crash test dummies. (Pixabay/cfarnsworth)
Researchers can improve car safety by using human fat tissue rather than crash test dummies. (Pixabay/cfarnsworth) For the first time, researchers from the University of Virginia and Toyota have described how human fat tissue behaves under forces typical of motor-vehicle crashes, closing a vulnerable gap in car safety research while offering a valuable resource for manufacturers seeking to make safer vehicles.

A newly developed method of sleep monitoring uses radar signals rather than wires and sensors. (Shutterstock)
A newly developed method of sleep monitoring uses radar signals rather than wires and sensors. (Shutterstock) A novel approach to monitoring sleep with remote sensing and radar signals that uses a new active motion suppression technique to address an artifact from breathing motion has been invented by researchers from Arizona State University, potentially providing an alternative to both high-tech wearable devices and the sensors used in clinical sleep studies.

Some children are measurably more sensitive to positive and negative parenting styles than others. (Shutterstock)
Some children are measurably more sensitive to positive and negative parenting styles than others. (Shutterstock) Children who are more emotionally sensitive may be more responsive to both supportive and adverse caregiving experiences, as measured in the amygdala, a brain region involved in responding to stress and regulating emotions.

Ninety-nine million years ago, a snail had some babies and they all got preserved in a unique amber fossil, shedding light on the evolutionary behavior of these gastropods. (Pixabay/Kathy Büscher)
Ninety-nine million years ago, a snail had some babies and they all got preserved in a unique amber fossil, shedding light on the evolutionary behavior of these gastropods. (Pixabay/Kathy Büscher) Ninety-nine million years ago, in the tropical forest of what is now Myanmar, a snail gave birth to five children near the site of what could have been their first meal. Except the possible food source, tree resin, ended up swallowing them all, leaving behind a unique amber fossil that captures not only a snail, still soft inside, but a rare glimpse into its life history.

Rapid genetic testing on babies in the ICU can save lives and reduce health care costs. (Shutterstock)
Rapid genetic testing on babies in the ICU can save lives and reduce health care costs. (Shutterstock) Rapid whole-genome sequencing as a first-line test can save babies' lives and reduce health care costs by thousands of dollars per patient, a paper published Friday says.

The right temperature plays a key role in a microbial community’s ability to form biofilms. In this particular image, sheets of algae are enmeshed in a mass of amorphous biofilm. (CDC/ Janice Haney Carr)
The right temperature plays a key role in a microbial community’s ability to form biofilms. In this particular image, sheets of algae are enmeshed in a mass of amorphous biofilm. (CDC/ Janice Haney Carr) A new study with implications for environmental and medical research found that the ability of bacterial communities to work together to form biofilms, the thin layers of microbes found throughout nature and in the human body, is highly dependent on temperature.

A decline in STI testing during the pandemic is leading to skyrocketing positivity rates. (Shutterstock)
A decline in STI testing during the pandemic is leading to skyrocketing positivity rates. (Shutterstock) Rates of sexually transmitted infections are going to "skyrocket" — a ripple effect of the COVID-19 pandemic and an indictment of the chronic underfunding of public health services, the researcher behind a new study said.

This image shows three microseconds from the lifetime of a nucleosome. The DNA is in yellow, the core region of the histones are white, and the histone tails are in blue, green, red, orange and cyan. The ample motion of the DNA arms is known as nucleosome breathing motion. (Jan Huertas and Vlad Cojocaru, ©MPI Münster, ©Hubrecht Institute)
This image shows three microseconds from the lifetime of a nucleosome. The DNA is in yellow, the core region of the histones are white, and the histone tails are in blue, green, red, orange and cyan. The ample motion of the DNA arms is known as nucleosome breathing motion. (Jan Huertas and Vlad Cojocaru, ©MPI Münster, ©Hubrecht Institute) Novel real-time computer simulations with an atomic level of precision captured exactly how DNA structures move within the body, providing insight that could one day be instrumental in drug development and organ regeneration strategies.